VOLUME 17, ISSUE 08, August, 2026

Phytoremediation by potted plants is widely promoted as a low-cost remedy for indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs), yet the supporting evidence comes from sealed-chamber studies lasting many hours, whereas school-level replications typically use short protocols without leak testing or sensor characterisation. This study (i) built and characterised a low-cost 1 m3 acrylic test chamber, (ii) derived the minimum test duration required for a plant signal to exceed the noise floor of a low-cost metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) VOC sensor, and (iii) compared first-order VOC decay constants (k) and clean air delivery rates (CADR) of Sansevieria trifasciata, Spathiphyllumwallisii and Epipremnumaureum against empty-chamber and substrate-only controls. Sensor characterisation over 6 h gave a noise standard deviation of 0.151 ppm, a limit of detection (3σ) of 0.453 ppm and a relative detection limit of 9.0%; CO2 tracer decay gave a leak rate of 0.0187 ± 0.0006 h−1 (n = 3, R2 ≥ 0.992). Applying the published CADR distribution of potted plants (median 0.023 m3 h−1) to a first-order model shows that a 30-min test produces a theoretical reduction of only 1.14%, far below the sensor noise floor; at least 4.1 h are needed for a median-performing plant to be detected. Phase III result: one sentence reporting the measured k/CADR ranking and ANOVA outcome from the real experimental data. Failure to detect VOC reduction under short protocols is therefore an artefact of measurement design rather than evidence against phytoremediation. A corrected nine-step protocol with an a priori detectability criterion is provided for school and low-resource laboratories.

RNA biogenesis is a highly coordinated and fundamental biological process that regulates the synthesis, processing, modification, maturation, transport and turnover of cellular RNA molecules. The coordinated production of wide range of RNAs and other non-coding RNAs is essential for maintaining gene expression, protein synthesis and cellular homeostasis. Ribosome quality control (RQC) provides an important protective mechanism by detecting defective or stalled ribosomes, resolving ribosome collisions, and eliminating abnormal nascent proteins and dysfunctional ribosomal components. RQC surveys incomplete nascent polypeptides produced by interrupted translation. Several protein players in RQC sense large ribosomal subunits obstructed with nascent chains and then promote nascent-chain proteolysis. Defects in RNA biogenesis and RNA-processing pathways have been increasingly associated with human diseases. Abnormal RNA splicing, RNA modification, RNA transport and RNA degradation are also implicated in diseases of CNS and cancers. The present review summarizes the RNA biogenesis, mechanisms through which RNA dysregulation contributes to human disease, using representative disease examples by providing background to basic concepts. We discuss individual category of diseases using representative diseases and the underlying genetic and cellular mechanisms. The application of ribosome biosynthesis in drug design against viral and antibiotic resistance and their applications in clinical medicine highlights their growing importance and roles in disease biology.

Malgré une prise en charge multimodale, le glioblastoma (GBM) reste une tumeur cérébrale agressive de très mauvais pronostic, en raison notamment de la barrière hémato-encéphalique, de l'hétérogénéité tumorale et d'une délivrance intracellulaire insuffisante des agents thérapeutiques. Le GBM, qui touche principalement l'adulte (âge médian ~65 ans) avec une incidence de 3-4/100 000 habitants, présente un phénotype mésenchymateux caractérisé par une surexpression de la vimentine, en faisant une cible de choix pour des peptides dérivés du cytosquelette. Dans cette étude, nous avons développé et caractérisé des nanocapsules lipidiques (LNCs) fonctionnalisées avec trois peptides pénétrants (CPPs) aux propriétés complémentaires: TAT (ciblage nucléaire), VIM (dérivé de la vimentine) et NFL (dérivé de la chaîne légère des neurofilaments, affinité pour les microtubules). L'internalisation, la localisation subcellulaire et la biocompatibilité des peptides seuls et couplés aux LNCs ont été évaluées sur la lignée F98 de GBM de rat. Les trois peptides présentent une internalisation concentration-dépendante sans cytotoxicité significative ni perturbation du cycle cellulaire, mais avec des profils de localisation distincts: TAT s'accumule préférentiellement dans le noyau, VIM présente une double localisation cyto-nucléaire, tandis que NFL colocalise spécifiquement avec les microtubules sans signal nucléaire. Les LNCs (50–100 nm, faible indice de polydispersité, potentiel zêta stable) ont été formulées avec succès. La fonctionnalisation simple ou double n'altère pas la stabilité des nanoparticules. La double fonctionnalisation TAT/NFL combine une internalisation rapide, un ancrage au cytosquelette et un potentiel d'adressage nucléaire. Bien que les analyses par chromatographie d'exclusion stérique (SEC) aient révélé une adsorption physique réversible plutôt qu'une liaison covalente stable, le concept de ciblage séquentiel cytosolique puis nucléaire utilisant des LNCs décorées de CPPs est validé. Ce travail constitue une preuve de concept pour une stratégie de ciblage actif à deux étages exploitant le transport naturel via le cytosquelette.

Samia ricini is an important non-mulberry silkworm species with considerable nutritional and economic significance in the sericulture industry. In addition to silk production, its developmental stages have potential nutritional value, while Eri culture provides opportunities for income generation and small-scale rural livelihoods. Castor (Ricinus communis) is one of the principal host plants of S. ricini and supports its growth and development under laboratory conditions. However, the seasonal availability of host leaves can limit continuous rearing, highlighting the potential importance of artificial diets. The present study aimed to assess the morphological, developmental, and biochemical characteristics of S. ricini reared on castor leaves and to evaluate semi-synthetic artificial diets for larval rearing. Selected macromolecules were analyzed at different developmental stages, and the breaking properties of S. ricini and Bombyx mori silk fibres were compared. Fifth-instar larvae exhibited the highest soluble protein concentration (6.75 mg/mL) and carbohydrate concentration (4.4 mg/mL), whereas prepupae showed higher ash (3.50%) and crude fibre (2.38%) contents. Larval development was accompanied by distinct morphological changes across successive instars, reflecting the developmental transitions associated with metamorphosis. Larvae reared on fresh castor leaves showed better growth and survival than those reared on the artificial diets, while Diet 01 performed better than Diet 02. The findings indicate that castor leaves remain a suitable host for the growth and development of S. ricini, whereas the artificial diets tested require further optimization to improve larval performance. Nevertheless, the ease of preparation and storage of the diets suggests their potential utility for laboratory rearing and for reducing dependence on seasonal host-plant availability. Overall, the study provides information on the nutritional characteristics, biology, and dietary requirements of S. ricini that may contribute to the development of improved rearing strategies.

Rocks are mainly divided in three types namely Sedimentary, Metamorphic and Igneous rocks depends upon their nature of forming. These rocks constitute many minerals and elements. Those are having much amount of applications in Agriculture, Medicines, Physico-Chemistry applications, Engineering, Mining, Cosmetics and Materials applications etc., The proper investigation by suitable spectroscopic techniques we could identify the Minerals and Elements presented in the Natural rock materials. The sedimentary rock samples are collected form Mangalaamalai Hills which is part of Eastern Ghats located in Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, India. Fifteen number of samples were collected the elevation wise from top to bottom of this hill. The collected samples have undergone the spectroscopic studies like FTIR, Mineral composition, because each mineral posse a unique pattern of absorption in middle range of infrared spectra. The X-Ray Diffraction analyses confirm the minerals along with their morphology. Here fifteen minerals were identified the availability, their extinction coefficient of dominate minerals such as Quartz, Calcite, Sepiolite, Organic Carbon and Kaolinite were calculated. The SEM-EDX observations revealed the presence of elements (C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, and Fe) with their percentage of atomic weight. XPS (X Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) method directly confirms the available minerals in the rock sediments. The magnetic properties of these powdered rock samples were studies by (VSM) Vibrating sample magnetometer instrument and it has found their susceptibility with their hysteresis curves.

This study examines the impact of key socio-economic factors—education, work experience, gender, and age—on income, with a particular focus on capturing heterogeneity across the income distribution. A structured preprocessing framework is employed, including missing value treatment, categorical variable transformation, and outlier detection using the Interquartile Range (IQR) method. The dataset is divided into training (80%) and test (20%) subsets to assess model generalizability, and K-fold cross-validation is applied to evaluate predictive stability. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression is initially used to estimate average effects, followed by diagnostic tests to assess assumptions such as normality, homoscedasticity, and the presence of influential observations. To address these limitations, Robust Regression is employed to obtain stable estimates in the presence of outliers, while Quantile Regression is implemented at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles to capture distributional heterogeneity. The results show that OLS estimates are sensitive to extreme observations and assumption violations, whereas Robust Regression improves stability. Quantile Regression reveals that the returns to education increase across higher income quantiles, indicating significant heterogeneity. Model evaluation using test data and cross-validation suggests that OLS achieves the lowest RMSE, while alternative methods provide deeper insights into the income structure. Overall, the study highlights the limitations of mean-based approaches and demon-strates that combining robust and quantile-based methods offers a more comprehensive framework for analyzing income inequality.

G4 are guanine-rich non-canonical nucleic acids conformations in eukaryotic genomes. The cellular, genomic and physiological significance of G4s was skeptical a decade ago. Computational and experimental methods have offered new perspectives into their roles. Biophysical research has demonstrated relationship between the G4 sequence content, topology, and thermodynamic stability. G4s are primarily located in genomic areas such as telomeres, enhancers, and gene promoters. G4s are involved in transcriptional regulation and chromatin mediated epigenetic genome changes. Abnormal formation, stabilization or resolution of G4 structures can contribute to several human diseases development. G4 sequences have been researched as target for therapy in several diseases. Several G4 targets have passed clinical approval. Thus G4 sequences have research potential both in basic biological and clinical research. The current review aims to update the current literature on the biophysical, cellular and disease roles of G4 sequences. Further, we discuss in detail its roles in cancer and therapy. This update will provide valuable insights into their structural and biology insights thus facilitating clinical applications.

Artificial intelligence is entering organizations faster than most institutions can redesign the human experience around it. This conceptual article argues that the central question is no longer whether AI can increase efficiency, but whether technological innovation can improve performance without impoverishing autonomy, meaning, relationships, health, judgment, or dignity. It develops the Human-Centered AI Well-Being Architecture (HAWA), an original eight-dimensional framework integrating physical, cognitive, emotional, transcendent/meaning, social, professional, financial, and technological well-being. The model is developed through a structured integrative synthesis of established theory, international governance frameworks, and recent evidence on generative AI and work. HAWA positions well-being as a design requirement, governance criterion, and measurable organizational capability rather than a soft outcome added after deployment. Five operating principles—augmentation before substitution, agency before automation, intelligibility before opacity, human connection before frictionless isolation, and shared value before one-sided productivity—are translated into a cycle of govern, map, co-design, deploy, measure, and learn. A Well-Being Impact Matrix and Human Purpose Scorecard expose trade-offs that conventional productivity metrics can conceal. The distinctive contribution is a multidimensional, non-compensatory bridge between responsible-AI governance and the lived experience of workers and other stakeholders. Trustworthy AI, the paper concludes, requires an architecture in which technology expands human capability while preserving the conditions that make work and life worth living.

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a widely consumed yet highly perishable product, necessitating the development of traditional preservation methods accessible to the general population. This study aims to evaluate the effect of local preservatives on the nutritional and microbiological quality of tomato paste. Following production, the paste was divided into four batches: those treated with salt (TPSP), lemon (TPLP) or oil (TPOP) and a control group with no preservative (TPNP). Nutritional and microbiological characteristics were determined using standardized methods. Analysis of the results revealed that salt, lemon and oil influenced biochemical compounds in varying ways. These preservatives also affected levels of polyphenols (3.35 to 4.91 mg GAE/100g), flavonoids (0.48 to 1.42 mg QE/100g), vitamin A (1.33 to 3.10 mg/100g), tannins (1.41 to 2.55 mg TAE/100g) and lycopene (1.61 to 4.85 mg/100g). Antioxidant activity was also influenced by the treatments applied. From a microbiological perspective, the preservatives inhibited microorganism growth compared to the control. These results demonstrate that local preservatives contribute to improving the quality and shelf life of traditional tomato paste.

Dans les régions sahéliennes, les collectivités territoriales sont confrontées à des changements climatiques qui affectent les systèmes de production et les moyens d'existence des populations. Cette étude analyse les tendances et le niveau d’intégration des changements climatiques dans les Plans de Développement Communal (PDC)de Bandé. L’étude repose sur des données climatiques journalières couvrant la période 1981-2024, complétées par des enquêtes auprès des acteurs locaux et une évaluation des documents de planification communale. Les tendances climatiques ont été caractérisées à l'aide du test de Pettitt, de l'indice standardisé de précipitation et d'indicateurs agroclimatiques. Une grille d'évaluation a ensuite été utilisée pour apprécier le niveau d'intégration des enjeux climatiques dans les PDC et la cohérence des stratégies d'adaptation proposées. Les résultats révèlent une augmentation des températures, une recrudescence des pluies extrêmes et des inondations ainsi qu'une modification des caractéristiques des saisons agricoles. Les populations confirment ces évolutions et leurs impacts croissants sur l'agriculture, les infrastructures et les ressources naturelles. L'analyse des PDC met en évidence une amélioration de l'intégration des enjeux climatiques entre 2014-2018 et 2023-2027. Toutefois, cette progression reste essentiellement concentrée au niveau du diagnostic. L'évaluation des stratégies d'adaptation montre que seule une faible proportion des risques identifiés fait l'objet de réponses véritablement adaptées. L'étude conclut,d’une part, que l'intégration du changement climatique dans la planification locale reste plus formelle qu'opérationnelle et d’autre part,elle souligne la nécessité de renforcer l'utilisation des données climatiques dans les diagnostics territoriaux et d'améliorer la cohérence entre les risques observés, les priorités d'action et les investissements communaux.

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene transcription accounts for most of the RNA in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs), which span millions of base pairs, include hundreds to thousands of tandemly repeated head-to-tail rRNA genes in eukaryotes. RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) transcribes these nucleolar rRNA genes, and the expression of these genes is regulated by the physiological requirement for ribosomes. Regulation occurs at several levels, one of which is an epigenetic on/off switch that controls the number of active rRNA genes. Additional mechanisms then fine-tune transcription initiation and elongation rates to dictate the total amount of rRNA produced per gene. In this review, we focus on the DNA and histone modifications that comprise the epigenetic on/off switch. In both plants and animals, this system is important for controlling the dosage of active rRNA genes. The dosage control system is also responsible for the chromatin-mediated silencing of one parental set of rRNA genes in genetic hybrids, a large-scale epigenetic phenomenon known as nucleolar dominance. First described in interspecific plant hybrids and allopolyploids, nucleolar dominance has become a valuable model for understanding RNA-guided chromatin regulation and epigenetic gene silencing. Rather than arising from differences in DNA sequence, nucleolar dominance is established and maintained through coordinated interactions between chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and diverse classes of non-coding RNAs. In plants, the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway, involving RNA Polymerases IV and V, Dicer-like proteins, Argonaute proteins, and 24-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), plays a central role in directing sequence-specific DNA methylation and heterochromatin formation at inactive ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci. These RNA-mediated pathways function together with ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes, histone deacetylases, and DNA methyltransferases to establish stable transcriptional repression. In mammals, although classical nucleolar dominance is uncommon, selective silencing of subsets of rRNA genes is regulated through promoter-associated RNAs (pRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, the Nucleolar Remodeling Complex (NoRC), and epigenetic modifications that determine the balance between active and inactive rDNA repeats. Collectively, these mechanisms ensure appropriate ribosome biogenesis, preserve genome integrity, maintain nucleolar organization, and enable cellular adaptation to developmental and environmental cues.

The soils of Burkina Faso are poor in major nutrients, with a particularly pronounced deficiency in phosphorus. However, the country has enormous deposits of natural phosphate (Burkina phosphate), but these are little used in agricultural production because of their slow solubilization. Phosphate rock was therefore processed to make the phosphorus more readily available to crops. This processing involved partial acidification and calcination. The objective of the study was to test the effectiveness of partially acidified (BPA) or calcined (BPC) Burkina phosphate on soil chemical properties and maize yield. A completely randomized Fisher block design with seven treatments and four replicates was therefore set up in western Burkina Faso. The treatments consisted of T0: (urea)+P (TSP)+K (KCl); T1: N (urea)+(TSP)+K (KCl)+BP; T2: N (urea)+P (BPC)+K (KCl); T3: (urea)+(BPA)+(KCl); T4: compost+T1; T5: compost+T2; T6: compost+T3. The data collected were soil chemical parameters and maize yield. At harvest, high pHwater values (5.4±0.08), high organic carbon (0.47±0.08%) and total nitrogen (0.043±0.006%) contents were observed with treatment T6. The same treatments T4 (116.99±1.70 mg/kg) and T6 (16.77±3.70 mg/kg) had the highest levels of available phosphorus. For grain yields, treatments T4 (2964±210 kg/ha) and T6 (2809±150 kg/ha) recorded the highest values. The use of BPA + compost can increase soil phosphorus content and sustainably increase maize yields in Burkina Faso compared to commercial phosphate fertilizers.

Cette étude a pour objectif d’établir un lien de cause à effet entre les stéréotypes parentaux et la réussite scolaire des filles dans les séries scientifiques en classe de seconde en Côte d’Ivoire. Elle s’inscrit dans la théorie de la socialisation familiale de Pourtois, J. P. et Desmet, H. (1991), la théorie du soutien social de Cobb, S., citée par PARLAT (2008) et la théorie sociocognitive de la carrière de Lent cité par CORBEIL (2010). Ainsi, une enquête a-t-elle été réalisée auprès des autorités administrative scolaires à savoir les directeurs d’école, les enseignants, les éducateurs, des parents et les filles-élèves en Côte d’Ivoire (n = 650). Les instruments de recueil de données sont la recherche documentaire et l’enquête-interrogation. Les méthodes quantitative et qualitative ont été privilégiées pour l’analyse de données. Les résultats s’articulent sur les points suivants: les fondements de l’influence des stereotypes parentaux, à savoir l la perception parentale de la difficulté des séries scientifiques pour les filles, la fréquence des encouragements du parent à choisir une filière scientifique et le dégré de valorisation par le parent des carrières non-scientifiques pour les filles sont conformes aux données de terrain de cette recherche. Tout cela renforce les prejugés parentaux qui impactent l’orientation des filles.

India has a rich and lasting tradition of scientific and technological achievement spanning mathematics, astronomy, metallurgy, medicine, civil engineering, and organized higher education since ancient times. The paper examines five domains in science and technology viz. the mathematical and astronomical development through the contributions of Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, and their successors; the metallurgical development; the surgical and anatomical knowledge; the urban planning and hydraulic engineering of the Indus Valley Civilization; and the institutionalized learning as reflected by Nalanda and Takshashila. The paper explores literature of archaeometallurgical studies, medical history, and the history of mathematics, and found that these achievements were the product of sustainable, collective learnt traditions that combined empirical observation, systematic documentation, and sharing of ideas across people of different generations. It is further reflected how these knowledge traditions diffused to the Islamic world, China, and Europe, shaping the global history of science. Implications for contemporary relevance in indigenous knowledge systems are discussed.

The Birimian basement of Côte d’Ivoire is characterized by a complex tectono-metamorphic history, yet the structural evolution of the Kan granito-gneissic complex (KGC) and the Comoé metasediments (CMS) remains insufficiently documented. This study combines teleanalytic mapping with field-based structural measurements to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of these formations. Lineament analysis highlights four principal orientations (E-W, N-S, NE-SW, NW-SE), which correspond to successive ductile and brittle deformation phases. In the metasediments, three phases (D1–D3) were identified: D1 marked by schistosity and shear planes, D2 by crenulation schistosity linked to NNE-SSW compression, and D3 by late brittle faults including the Dimbokro shear zone. In the gneiss formations, four phases (Dn–Dn+3) were recorded, with Dn+1 characterized by foliation, shear planes, and folds, Dn+2 by open folds and dextral shear zones, and Dn+3 by brittle strike-slip faults and conjugate joints. These structures reveal a polyphased tectogenesis dominated by transpressive and compressive regimes. The Brobo shear zone and the Dimbokro fault emerge as major tectonic features controlling regional deformation. The results not only clarify the tectonic evolution of the Ivorian Birimian basement but also provide new insights into the geodynamic framework of the West African Craton, with implications for mineral exploration and regional tectonic correlations.

Within the framework of sustainable development and the circular economy, it is essential to utilize natural materials derived from agricultural waste as adsorbents. The objective of this study is to investigate the removal capacities of nitrates and phosphates using biosorbents derived from cocoa shells and rubber tree residues, in order to identify the most suitable biosorbent for each type of pollutant.The optimal conditions for biosorbent preparation were determined using experimental design methodology. Throughout the study, including the Plackett–Burman design (PBD), the removal efficiency of nitrates and phosphates was used as the sole response indicator to evaluate material performance.The results showed that cocoa shells were more effective for phosphate removal, whereas rubber-based materials exhibited better performance for nitrate adsorption. This difference is attributed to the physicochemical properties of the ions and the surface characteristics of the biosorbents.

Wounds are classified as neglected tropical diseases. Herbal medicines are widely used and play a significant role in the alternative management of infectious diseases, including chronic wounds, ulcers and injuries. The overall aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant activity and major compounds of the hydroethanolic extract of the leafy stems of Ageratum conizoides, following in vitro testing for cytotoxic activity. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using the standard differential reaction method. The major compounds with proven pharmacological properties were identified using UV-visible absorption spectrophotometry at characteristic maximum absorption wavelengths. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxic activity was determined using the Artemia salina cell mortality rate assay. The hydroethanolic crude extract contains higher amounts of saponins (957.2±2.42 mgEqAG/g), condensed tannins (491.02±1.03 mgEqCAT/g) and alkaloids (411.15±10.66 mgEqAG/g) than phenolic compounds (389.70 ± 0.36 mgEqAG/g), flavonoids (380.57 ± 2.15 mgEqAG/g) and triterpenes (310.50 ± 0.26 mgEqAG/g). The hydroethanolic extract significantly reduced the DPPH radical with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 6.98 mg/mL. No cellular safety was observed for the extract with an LC50 of 1.62 mg/ml.

Severe acne with cystic eruptions and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common chronic dermatological concern, often associated with psychological distress and reduced self-esteem. A 19-year-old female presented with long-standing papulo-pustular and cystic acne involving face and upper back with suppuration and pitting scars, with minimal benefit from previous conventional interventions. Individualized homeopathic management was initiated based on totality of symptoms and classical homeopathic principles, along with systematic follow-ups. Marked improvement was observed in acne activity, suppuration, pigmentation, and overall confidence. This case highlights a visible transformation achieved at Dr Batra’s® Homeopathy Clinic.

Accidental intraoral injection of formalin instead of local anaesthetic represents a rare but significant iatrogenic emergency in dental practice. Although formalin is an essential fixative for histopathology, its highly caustic nature makes it dangerous in the operatory environment when stored improperly. The incident typically occurs when colorless solutions are kept in unlabeled or repurposed local anaesthetic vials, a practice still prevalent in some clinical settings in India. Once injected, formalin produces immediate coagulative necrosis, severe inflammation, oxidative stress, and potential systemic toxicity. Published literature shows that all reported cases of such incidents originate from India, highlighting unique workflow and storage challenges in these settings. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the chemical properties of neutral buffered formalin (NBF), mechanisms of fixation, tissue injury patterns, clinical presentation, evidence-based management strategies, prevention, and medico-legal implications. Recommendations emphasize strict labelling, proper storage, clinician supervision, and staff training to eliminate the risk of such preventable events.

Aevaluation of earthquake resistance behavior of reinforced concrete moment-resisting structures structures having G+10 and G+20 structural arrangementswas carried out through STAAD Pro V8i software V8i software analytical software under various earthquake-prone zones defined according to IS 1893:2016 provisions. The study examined the influence of structural geometry and bay arrangement on horizontal displacement response, inter-storey drift, floor-wise shear force, and stiffness characteristics. Three structural configurations with varying bay distributions in the X and Z directions were analyzed under static and dynamic loading conditions. Load combinations were developed according to Indian Standard provisions considering dead load, live load, and earthquake-induced effects. The analytical results demonstrated that taller buildings experienced larger horizontal displacement responses and inter-storey drift due to increased flexibility and reduced lateral rigidity. The G+20 models exhibited nearly 30–40% greater displacement response compared to G+10 structures under identical earthquake-induced conditions. Structural models with balanced bay spacing showed improved stiffness distribution and lower drift concentration across intermediate floors. Maximum floor-wise shear force was observed at lower floor levels because of cumulative earthquake-induced force transfer toward the foundation level. The comparative evaluation confirmed that optimized bay configuration significantly enhances earthquake-induced stability by controlling displacement and improving lateral load resistance. The study provides practical guidance for The earthquake-relatedplanning and analysis of medium- and tall-rise reinforced concrete buildings in earthquake-prone regions.

Neonatal sepsis is a significant cause of morbidity, with most cases attributed to common pathogens. However, infections caused by atypical, animal-associated organisms, such as Staphylococcus kloosii, pose unique diagnostic and management challenges. This report highlights a late-preterm infant born to a diabetic mother with multiple congenital cardiac anomalies who developed sepsis due to this unexpected organism. Notably, this case represents the first documented neonatal infection and the third overall human case of Staphylococcus kloosii infection, with the previous two cases reported in elderly patients.

Scientifically referred to as Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, the mung bean is a significant leguminous crop prized for its high protein content. A recent study looked at the complex protein composition of mungo seeds using a method called SDS-PAGE. This study revealed the number and distribution of distinct protein components within the seeds, which also showed a variety of protein bands with differing molecular weights. This study's results can potentially transform leguminous crop quality and protein content through selective breeding methods. Furthermore, this vital research can help direct the creation of novel, nutritionally enhanced food products. Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining was used to visualize the protein (polypeptides) bands, which showed various bands with different molecular weights, suggesting a complex protein (polypeptides) profile in Vigna mungo seeds. The intensity and dispersion of protein bands were also examined to assess the relative quantity of various protein components. A subsequent densitometric analysis quantitatively revealed Vigna mungo seeds' protein content. This study adds to a comprehensive understanding of the protein composition of Vigna mungo seeds, which could lead to improved leguminous crop quality and protein content by selective breeding. Moreover, food technologists and nutritionists may use the insights gained in creating novel food products with enhanced nutritional profiles.

The main objective of this article is to carry out a diagnostic analysis of water resources management and to propose an operational Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) framework adapted to Casiers A and B of Bongor, a strategic agro-irrigated area in southern Chad). The approach is designed to strengthen water sustainability and the agro-socio-economic resilience of local productive systems.This scientific article presents a methodological approach based on semi-structured interviews and group interviews (focus groups) using survey questionnaires and interview guides. Analysis of the sampled population shows a representation of 11% women compared to 89% men during the focus group. This is an indicator of the limited role that women occupy in agriculture and water management in Casiers A and B. The meeting with the local casier management council and water users recorded the participation of 59% farmers, 20% herders, 15% water and forestry agents, and 6% ANADER agents. These results reflect stakeholder involvement in the management and protection of irrigation water. Pesticide application frequencies were examined: 50% of farmers treat their crops only in the event of pest attacks or symptom appearance, while 30% apply treatments weekly. Application frequencies rarely account for climatic conditions (14%) or crops grown (6%). Another requirement of Good Agricultural Practices is the ecologically sound application of phytosanitary products. According to the farmers interviewed, quantities depend on the pesticide (70%), the crop (23%) and, to a lesser extent, manufacturer instructions (1.5%). However, some market gardeners reported applying fixed quantities regardless of the pesticide or crop; for example, 7% systematically apply half a litre per hectare. It should also be noted that the water table level has dropped considerably (1.7-2.23 m). Furthermore, 79% of farmers are unaware of the IWRM principle, compared to 21%; this shows that very few truly understand the concept of Integrated Water Resources Management. To successfully transpose IWRM to the local level, the Chadian State must apply the principle of decentralisation, enabling the transfer of administrative powers from the State to local authorities, adopted on 11 December 2006 under Law N006-33/PR/2006, while also enforcing the Water Code under Law No. 016/PR/99 of 18 August 1999, and introducing a new Water Code incorporating a National IWRM Plan (NIWRMP). The proposed IWRM framework identifies four main orientations corresponding to four levels of management.

Recurrent oral ulcers are a chronic, painful condition that significantly affects eating, quality of life, and emotional well-being. This case report presents a 10-year history of recurrent aphthous ulcers in the buccal mucosa with burning and pain aggravated during food intake, associated with stress sensitivity, irritability, and intolerance to domination. Despite persistent symptoms for years, individualized classical homoeopathic management led to sustained improvement with remission and enhanced overall well-being. A clear transformation was observed at Dr Batra’s® Homeopathy Clinic.