The term mucocele is used, clinically, as a generic term to refer to phenomena of retention and extravasation of mucus, and they can only be differentiated after the histopathological analysis. It affects the lower lip more frequently, mainly due to the fact that this site is more prone to injury, and it is nowadays an increase in cases of mucoceles in HIV/Aids patients, with a predictability in the use of highly potent antiretroviral therapy and marked increase in xerostomia in its degrees from mild, moderate to severe, and is an important facilitator in the development of pathology. Since the beginning of the Aids epidemic, much has been studied about oral manifestations. We can see important achievements in front of the new knowledge, but nevertheless they end up having a different course, in front of the new highly effective antiretroviral therapies called HAART. Undesirable side effects often arise, such as lipodystrophy, anorexia, headaches, vomiting, anemias, platelet disease, xerostomia and consequently salivary lithiasis, forming mucus retention of salivary glands, both major and minor. As a result, more and more constant cases of nasal and mucocele appearance in the oral cavity in HIV/Aids patients using these medications have been diagnosed. The ideal treatment for any form of mucocele is the excision, its complete surgical removal along with the accessory glands that nourish the lesion. Patients should be advised of the etiological factors involved, since their permanence will inevitably lead to recurrence of the lesions.
